To write in video questions at each level of Bloom's taxonomy, match the verb in your question to one of the six levels of the revised taxonomy (Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, Create), place the question right after the segment it targets, and pick the question type that lets students actually show that level of thinking. This guide gives you question stems for each level, built around a single lecture video, and shows how each question type maps to the levels it can reach.
The revised taxonomy was published by Lorin Anderson and David Krathwohl as editors in 2001 under the title A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing. Krathwohl summarized the changes in a 2002 overview in Theory Into Practice. Three changes matter for anyone writing questions:
Krathwohl also notes that the revision relaxed the strict cumulative hierarchy of the 1956 original, because the categories overlap. Explaining, for example, which sits under Understand, can be harder than Executing, which sits under Apply. Treat the levels as a guide to variety, not a ladder students must climb in order. Iowa State University's Center for Excellence in Learning and Teaching publishes a one page model of the revised taxonomy (this copy is hosted by CSU Dominguez Hills) that lists the cognitive processes under each level, which is handy when you are hunting for the right verb.
Most in video quizzes stay at the Remember level: what term did the speaker use, what number was on the slide. They are easy to write, but they may not build higher order thinking on their own. In a set of three experiments with college and middle school students, Pooja Agarwal (2019) in the Journal of Educational Psychology found that higher order and mixed quizzes improved performance on a later higher order test, while fact quizzes did not. Agarwal's own summary notes that mixed quizzes helped on both kinds of test.
The practical lesson is to mix levels within a video rather than saving the harder questions for the end of the course. This also fits the ICAP framework, which holds that students learn more when they move from passive watching to active, constructive and interactive work. A Remember question makes viewing active. Questions at the Analyze, Evaluate and Create levels push students toward constructing their own answers.
The examples below assume a 12 minute lecture video on supply and demand in an introductory economics course.
Ask students to retrieve a fact, term or step exactly as it was presented.
Ask students to put an idea in their own words, classify an example or predict an outcome.
Ask students to use a procedure or model on a new case.
Ask students to break a situation into parts, separate relevant from irrelevant information, or identify a point of view.
Ask students to judge a claim, method or solution against criteria.
Ask students to produce something new: a hypothesis, a plan or an original example.
Question type does not fix the level by itself. What matters is what the student has to do to answer. Still, each format has a natural range:
A good rule of thumb: if you can answer a multiple choice question by spotting a word from the slide, it is a Remember question, whatever you intended.
For a 10 to 15 minute lecture, four to six questions spread across two or three levels is a reasonable starting point. Our earlier post on in video quizzes and active recall covers placement and pacing in more detail, and video comprehension checks covers lighter weight options.
Most video platforms and quiz tools can handle the Remember and Understand questions above. If your LMS or video host already has a quiz feature and you mainly need multiple choice checks, that native tool may be enough. Annoto's in video quizzes support multiple choice, multiple answer, true or false, open ended and fill in the blank questions, each with feedback and retries, plus a practice mode that keeps scores out of the gradebook. Answers can branch students to a review segment, and item level analytics show which questions students miss. Time stamped comments and discussion on the video cover the Evaluate and Create prompts that work better as conversation than as quiz items.
A group led by Lorin Anderson and David Krathwohl, who edited A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing (2001), published by Longman. It revises the taxonomy Benjamin Bloom and colleagues introduced in 1956.
Yes, up to a point. When the question presents a new case and the options reflect plausible reasoning errors, students must apply or analyze to answer. Create level work usually needs an open response.
Not necessarily. Agarwal (2019) found that higher order quizzes improved higher order test performance without fact quizzes first, and that mixed quizzes helped on both kinds of test.
If you are comparing tools for this kind of question design, see how Annoto and Edpuzzle differ in our Annoto vs Edpuzzle comparison, and read our guide to the ICAP framework for video learning for the engagement side of the same question.
Get the best resources and research on active video learning, in your inbox, once a month.